肺部含氧的血液(肺静脉) → 左心房
Oxygenated blood from the lungs → left atrium
→ 左心室 → 经主动脉流向身体的其他动脉 → 身体各部分毛细血管
→ left ventricle → aorta to other arteries → capillaries
(在细胞里进行气体和营养物质交换,例如氧气和二氧化碳互换。经过腔静脉流回心脏)
(exchange of oxygenated blood for deoxygenated blood)
→ 右心房→ 右心室 → 肺动脉(气体交换,再次获得含氧血)
→ right atrium → right ventricle →lungs for oxygenation
然后血液循环再次进行。
and then the cycle begins again 知识点2
心脏有四个腔:左、右心房atrium和左、右心室ventricle。左边的心房和心室相通,右边的心房和心室相通,心房连通静脉veins,心室连通动脉artery。
心房与心室之间有房室瓣,心室与动脉之间有动脉瓣,保证血液流动方向:静脉→心房→心室→动脉
房室瓣包括了二尖瓣Bicuspid valve和三尖瓣Tricuspid valve,而动脉瓣包括了主动脉瓣Aortic valve和肺动脉瓣Pulmonary valve
When the ventricles contract, the pulmonary valve and aortic valve are open, and the bicuspid valve and tricuspid valve is closed, the blood goes into the other part of the body through aorta.
When the atria(atrium) contract, it is the opposite process——the pulmonary valve and aortic valve are closed, and the bicuspid valve and tricuspid valve is open, and the oxygenated blood goes from the atria into ventricles.
当心室收缩时, 肺动脉瓣和主动脉瓣打开,二尖瓣和三尖瓣关闭,血液通过主动脉和肺动脉分别流向身体其他器官和肺部。
当心房收缩时, 肺动脉瓣和主动脉瓣关闭,二尖瓣和三尖瓣打开,血液通过左右心房流向左右心室。 真题解析
真题一
The diagram shows a section through the heart.
The ventricles contract and blood is forced into the arteries. What is the state of valves 1 and 2 when this happens?
正确答案:C 答案解析:
当心室收缩时,血液从左心室流向主动脉,主动脉瓣打开,二尖瓣此时关闭;因此选C。(表格内valve 1是主动脉瓣 、valve 2是二尖瓣) 真题二:
The diagram shows a section through the human heart. Which structure is the ventricle?
A. aortic valve 主动脉瓣
B. left ventricle左心室
C. tricuspid valve 三尖瓣
D. pulmonary artery肺动脉 正确答案:B 答案解析:
此题考查图片心脏结构的名称,问哪一个是心室?那么结合知识点1和知识点2的所学的内容,可以看出只有B选项是心室,其他均不正确,因此选B。